Doug Nix

A simplified radio-propagation diagram showing different types of signals from a transmitter. A ground wave hugs the Earth with limited coverage, a line-of-sight direct wave extends outward, and two skywaves bounce off the ionosphere to create the shortest skip and a longer skip. A labelled red region marks the skip or dead zone where no signal is detected, and an NVIS path is shown rising steeply toward the ionosphere.

Radio Propagation Conditions


Courtesy Paul N0NBH